It’s always a bit sad to say goodbye to summer corn and tomatoes, and settle into fall.
But there are consolations — like the new crop of pears. Over 80 percent of America’s fresh pears are grown in the Pacific Northwest. And this year’s harvest is slated to be one of the biggest.
But some of the fruit is rotting in the orchards because there aren’t enough workers to pick them.
Mike McCarthy farms around 300 hundred acres of pears in Oregon’s Hood River Valley. He has about 60 workers harvesting in his fields, but would like to have about 30 more.
“Normally we would have picked these Comice [pears] at least ten days ago, but we’re just getting here now,” says McCarthy. “And it’s not a good thing.”
Like a lot of farmers, McCarthy is short-staffed, for about the third year in a row. He’s tried the employment office, but those workers didn’t have any agriculture experience, and they didn’t last more than a couple days. He’s looked for workers in Arizona and California, but found those states facing similar shortages.
And he even went through the government’s H-2A visa program to recruit foreign workers, even though it’s pretty costly for a small farm. But by the time his application was processed, the harvest season was underway. McCarthy estimates the labor shortage will cost the region $10 to $20 million this season.
“The bottom line is there are not enough experienced agricultural workers in the United States to harvest the crops,” he sighs.
This is undeniably hard work, and like all agriculture jobs, it’s seasonal. But good pickers can earn over $200 a day. And McCarthy, like many growers out here, provides free housing. His workers tend to stay, many of them for decades. The problem is that no new workers are taking the place of the ones that retire.
Farmer Jennifer Euwer also has an aging workforce — many of the workers who gained amnesty under the 1986 IRCA ruling are still on the farm. And Euwer acknowledges that the labor is exceptionally hard.
“Pears are the heaviest, densest thing. You know, they don’t float. That’s why you bob for apples. Nobody bobs for pears,” Euwer laughs.
“I don’t know if the people who eat the fresh fruits and vegetables in the United States quite realize who is providing that to them,” Euwer says. “They’re the people really who are feeding the United States.”
Though many workers stay for decades, their kids, like 18-year-old Angel Najera Perez, are moving on. He’s starting Boise State University in the spring, hoping to major in engineering, or materials science.
“It’s very hard work,” Najera Perez says, as he puts in a final season to earn some college money. “Yeah, the young people are going to college. They don’t really want to work here anymore.”
According to Bruce Sorte, an economist with Oregon State University, Najera Perez’s experience is quite common. And it leaves a gap.
“There’s two things that really affect the labor supply. One is what’s the alternative — where else can they work?” Sorte notes. “And then the other thing is, of course, the status of immigration policy in the United States has a huge impact.”
Sorte says the future really comes down to better guest worker programs. And that’s why farmer Mike McCarthy is meeting with his Congressman this week. But he’s a bit skeptical — it’s a meeting they’ve had before.
“Unfortunately there’s such gridlock in Washington they can’t figure something out,” sighs McCarthy. “I don’t think we can hold our breath for that.”
While he doesn’t have too much faith, McCarthy is hoping these conversations bear some fruit — maybe for next year’s harvest.
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